Mills wrote that "turnout was poor during the early morning hours" A parenthetical citation also called "in reference" is one where the required information is placed in parentheses. During her second year as instructor, attendance "increased by leaps and bounds" Gerou She the examples below -- parallel elements are in maroon. Garber , Megan. Note: Location information, such as page numbers, must be given if available, both when quoting directly and with paraphrases.
When referring to a specific page reference in a multivolume work, follow this format: Author Last name Volume number: page numbers. When referring to an entire volume of a multivolume work, follow this format: Author Last name, vol. Between and , the political party system underwent profound changes Schelsinger, vol. Note: In this example, "Decade" is an abbreviated form of the full title, "Decade of the Spy. According to a study sponsored by the National Research Council, the population of China around was increasing by more than fifteen million annually Around , the population of China was increasing by more than fifteen million annually Natl.
Research Council Shakespeare's King Lear has been called "a comedy of the grotesque" Frye, Anatomy Use this format when citing material obtained secondhand and not directly from a source:. Samuel Johnson admitted that Edmund Burke was an "extraordinary man" qtd. Use a semicolon to separate multiple works cited in a single parenthetical reference,.
If a direct quotation is under 4 lines, incorporate it into the text, placing the quotation between quotation marks. Include the page number in parentheses at the end of the quotation, before the period. Quotations of 4 lines or more must be set off from the text and should begin on a new line. Indent the quotation half an inch from the left margin and type it double-spaced.
Do not use quotation marks. Include the page number in parentheses at the end of the quotation after the period. In reference to the Kerala tradition, Blackburn writes that: The Kerala tradition, however, seldom honors our expectations: it lives in performance but holds no interactive audience it presents one of the most popular stories in Indian literature but is not primarily a narrative tradition; and the interminable, chaotic War Book, rather than one of the tightly plotted, earlier books, occupies center stage.
If a source does not include page numbers, but does provide explicitly marked paragraph or section numbers, cite these.
If there are no explicit subdivisions, use only the author's last name in the parentheses. When a source has no page numbers or any other kind of reference numbers, no number is given in the parenthetical citation. Note: If a signal phrase or lead-in phrase states the authors in the text of the sentence, you only need to put the year in parentheses. For example, the following is a paraphrase from an essay by Naomi S. Literacy consists of both reading and writing. The writing might take the form of marking up a text or making notes about it Baron For clarity, you might revise as follows:.
Naomi S. Baron argues that literacy consists of both reading and writing. The writing might take the form of marking up a text or making notes about it Ask the MLA. You can always contact the writing tutors from the Center for Academic Success for help with your in-text citations. They can also review your paper and make suggestions via email if you submit the paper online to WriteAid. Trauma characteristics and posttraumatic stress disorder among adolescent survivors of childhood sexual abuse.
Journal of Family Violence, 29 5 , National Cancer Institute. MLA - Works Cited :. Baron, Naomi S. Was this helpful? University Library AskUs. Warning: Your browser has javascript disabled. Toggle menu visibility. Ask Another Question.
Ask Us. Answered By: Reeti Brar. Last Updated: Jul 09, Views: A reference or citation can be positioned at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence. Example: Smith and Wexwood reported an increase in the number of books read, whereas Gibson reported a decrease.
0コメント