When was haifa founded

The Al Istakalel mosque: a mosque built in the s, the biggest and most active in the Muslim world of Haifa.

The history of the mosque is punctuated by events such as the prayer by M. Anwar Sadat, the former Egyptian President. Kababir: a district that used to be an Arab village. Kababir is the only community in Israel whose members belong the Ahmadiyya sect.

The Ahmadiyya is a Muslim movement that gathers millions of followers over the world, and which was founded in India in the 19th century. Its founder, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad Qadiani, coming from Pendjab in India, went to Ahmadiyya and convinced its inhabitants to join his sect. The mosque of the village was built in the s; it has a unique structure with the particularity of having two towers. Beit-Hagefen, an Arab-Jewish cultural centre: Set up in to get Arabs and Jews closer, Beit-Hagefen teaches coexistence and tolerance thanks to collective, cultural and artistic activities.

These activities take place in the district of Wadi Nisnas and the German colony. The program offers many different things to do:. The Haifa Art museum: it is one of the three main Art museums in Israel. It has Israeli and international expositions of contemporary art, presenting art a holistic initiative, unique and full of vitality.

A judicious organisation implied in the cultural field. In this museum, we devoted ourselves to conserve the etiquettes of each of the trends, cultural phenomena or processes, which are typical of contemporary culture.

It is the reflection of the content and container of plastic arts. The Art museum of Haifa was founded in in honour of an exposition of the works of Marc Chagall. Since , the museum takes shelter in the current buildings of the district of Hadar Haifa. It presents traditional and contemporary art as well as Japanese culture.

The museum has a collection of art objects and martial arts items such as swords, pieces of pottery, traditional clothes etc.

It is the only museum in the Middle East that entirely focuses on Japanese Art. It is located in the Carmel Centre, a space dedicated to leisure and tourism, close to hotels and the pedagogical Zoo. The national sailing museum: this museum was created in with the private collection of Arye Ben Eli, the founder and first director of the museum. It was inaugurated in , at the same location as today, Allenby Street. It presents an impressive exposition of boats of different periods. One of the permanent exhibitions, Pirates, is unique in the country.

The museum also offers rare objects that go back to Antiquity: submarine archaeological excavations, Greek-Roman coins of money, sailing mythology etc.

The museum is located at the South entrance of the city of Haifa and welcomes each year thousands of visitors. The museum of the city of Haifa: at the end of the 19th century, German Templars were well represented and installed in Haifa, and created the German colony. In , the museum started important works of conservation and restoration. The museum presents the history of Haifa through different periods and with different perspectives.

Notice the ships in and out of the harbor 1 Welcome to Haifa in three languages!! Unless you are an Arab!! Note the looted Palestine Refinary in the backgound The port. Note the looted Palestine Refinary in the backgound 1 The port. Carmel, click the picture to enlarge it. Looking northeast from Mt. The port The port The port, click the picture to enlarge it. The port, click the picture to enlarge it. Carmel Stella Mars Monastery on Mt.

Original it was a technical institute built by German Christian, later it was bought by the Jewish Agency. Shell tanks that collected the Iraqi oil ready to be shipped. Shell tanks in the background and the bridge that goes over the railway appears in the middle, Matson Collection. A street scene in one of the remaining Palestinian neighborhoods.

Carmel, Palestine - late 19th, early 20th c. Carmel home near Haifa, Palestine - late 19th, early 20th c. Le voyage de la Terre Sainte. Carmel, N. Carmel from N.

Riad H. Preston, Lancs. What is new? Site's pictures have been categorized A Survey of Palestine , the official source about Palestine before Nakba produced by the British Mandate; over pages. Campgain Against Lice PalestineRemembered. For Palestinians, memory matters. It provides a blueprint for their future By George Bisharat.

Foreign Policy The Palestinian-Israeli conflict for beginners. Looting Oral History. Conflict Satellite View. Zionist Quotes. Zionism District of Haifa Ethnically cleansed days ago. Gallery April 23rd, Elevation varied between 50 meters in the coastal area to meter on Mount Carmel.

Map of Haifa city Map of Haifa district and neighboring villages. On December 30th ,, a Zionist terrorist planted a bomb in the Arab neighborhood where Palestinian Arab workers from nearby Palestine Oil Refinery used to live.

Based on declassified Israeli documents, the Israeli historian Benny Morris concluded that the Jewish civilian population especially Haifa's Jewish mayor Shabtai Levy was at peace with their Palestinian neighbors, but the Haganah and the IZL leadership had a different agenda to ethnically cleanse the city from its Palestinian Arab population. The mass majority of Haifa's Palestinian population, numbering at least 35,, were pushed into the sea. The city's name is derived from the Canaanite Arabic word al-Hayfah meaning nearby, and during the Roman period it was known by Efa.

Haifa's district covered an area of 1, District's population distribution. District's agricultural production. District's main wadies and rivers. This wadi carries rainwater East of the al-Tira and at that point it's known by Wadi al-Kasab, and at its termination point it's also known by Wadi al-Musrara. A small wadi that originates from Khirbat al-Damun , and it terminates nearby 'Atlit al-Shamlyah.

A winter wadi which originates from Dalyat al-Karmel, and passes through ' Ijzim , Jaba ', and Khirbat al-Shyahk, and it terminates between 'Atlit and al-Sarafand. It's also known by al-Timsah river, since crocodiles used to inhabit the river at its termination point.

In , the city covered an area of 54, dunums, of which 5, for roads and railroads. School Type. The government managed three schools: 1- Complete senior high school for boys, and in it had an enrollment of students and 21 instructors. Altogether, Haifa had 10 Islamic schools, which all had an enrollment of 1, boys and girls. Altogether, Haifa had 18 Christian schools including foreign schools , which all had an enrollment of 2, boys and 2, girls.

The Government of Palestine owned and operated a hospital in the city which had a capacity of beds, and it accepted 6, patients in Palestine Oil Refinery located northeast which was founded in to refine the Iraqi oil, cement , cigarettes Qaraman, Deik, iw-Salti , publications Haifa had three Arabic newspapers , textiles, olive and grape presses, several grain mills, ice production, wood processing, soap, fishing mostly Arab owned , and industrial machinery for the railroads.

Haifa's airport was located north west of the city center. In , the Ottoman Turks were the first to invest and develop Haifa's port , and since then the city and its port have experienced a very rapid growth. Comparison between Jaffa and Haifa ports. Quantity in Tons. Worth in Palestinian Pound. Add an article. Resort Pictures. Add a picture. Add Your Name. Delete Your Name. Mohammad Haifawi.

Nabil Mir3i. Emad Ghaben. All Haifa's Jewish defenders who comprised the majority of the city's population and its Egyptian garrison were slaughtered, bringing to an end another brief but flourishing chapter in Haifa's history.

During the Crusader era Jews apparently did not resettle in Haifa. The city remained a small fortress and an insignificant port under the shadow of its mighty neighbors, Acre and Caesarea ; during this period it was the capital of a seigniory held by a Crusader family, Garcia Alvarez. The fortress of Haifa was destroyed in when Saladin dealt a crushing blow to Crusader rule. It was returned under the peace treaty of to the Franks during the Third Crusade — In the mid th century the city's fortifications were rebuilt by Louis IX , king of France , but in Haifa again fell, this time to the Mamluk Sultan Baybars who drove the remaining Crusaders from the country.

During Baybars' systematic destruction of the coastal cities of Eretz Israel and Syria to prevent their reoccupation by the Franks , Haifa was also razed and did not revive throughout the period of Mamluk rule.

The Carmelite Order was founded on Mt. Carmel in , but the monastery was destroyed by the Muslims in From the time of its conquest by the Muslims until the 15 th century, Haifa was either uninhabited or an unfortified small village.

At various times there were a few Jews living there, and both Jews and Christians made pilgrimages to Elijah's cave on Mt. Haifa was apparently deserted at the time of the Ottoman conquest The first indication of its resettlement is contained in a description by the German traveler Raowulf who visited Eretz Israel in Haifa is subsequently mentioned in accounts of travelers as a half-ruined, impoverished village with few inhabitants.

The expansion of commercial trade between Europe and Eretz Israel from the beginning of the 17 th century improved Haifa's position. More and more boats began anchoring at the safer Haifa port in preference to the plugged-up bay at Acre. Haifa's revival as a flourishing port city is also to be credited to the emirs of the Turabay family, who ruled part of Eretz Israel at that time, and also Haifa. These local rulers also gave permission to the Carmelite monks to reestablish themselves in , but only four years later the Muslims turned their church into a mosque.

Later the monastery was rebuilt; in it was ransacked, and in it was destroyed by Abdullah, pasha of Acre. It was reestablished in and exists to this day. At the beginning of the 18 th century a new local ruler Zahir al-Umar gained control of northern Eretz Israel and setup his capital in Acre.

In Haifa again came into existence as a village or a small town located at the foot of Mt. Carmel near the present-day Bat Gallim quarter. It had a small Jewish community and a synagogue. In the middle of the century Zahir annexed Haifa as well.

Unfortified and spread over a wide and vulnerable plain, Haifa was almost captured in by the Turks. To prevent its falling into his enemies' hands, Zahir ordered his soldiers to raze the city to the ground and scatter boulders in the anchorage; thus the ancient city of Haifa was demolished. Zahir provided his growing capital with a safe alternative port of call 1 mi. Unlike the ancient city of Haifa, the new port was situated on the crossroad from Acre to Jaffa.

Zahir walled in the area and built another fortress on the slope above known as the Burj, located on the site of Castrum Samaritanorum. The new city of Haifa grew up within these walls — retaining its old name.

Haifa gradually recovered and increased from an estimated settlers in old Haifa at the beginning of the 18 th century to 4, a century later. Despite severe difficulties and opposition from the local inhabitants and the authorities, the Carmelite monks, with the aid of France, managed to hold on to the dark crypts above "Elijah's Cave" and also erected nearby the Stella Maris monastery.

Its cornerstone was laid in and construction was carried out without incident under the Egyptian rule in force in Eretz Israel at that time —40 which was well-disposed to Christians in general and especially to those under French protection.

The Egyptian conquest of Eretz Israel lent much impetus to Haifa's development, which was especially to the disadvantage of its rival Acre. The steamboats, which made their appearance at this time in eastern Mediterranean ports and contributed to the economic rebirth of Eretz Israel, used Haifa rather than Acre as their port of call. The consular representatives therefore began leaving Acre which was also dominated by Muslim extremism to settle in Haifa, with its large Christian population and better climate; the latter took over more and more of Acre's export trade, which had consisted largely of grain, cotton, and sesame seeds.

In the walled city of Haifa was already overcrowded and the first houses began to be built outside the ancient city on the mountain slope. Ten years later the first German Templers arrived in the country from Wuerttemberg and built a colony, which became a model residential suburb, just west of Haifa.

The members of this sect made important contributions to Haifa's development — they introduced the stagecoach, paved roads, and set up a regular coach service to Acre and Nazareth. The Templers also established Haifa's first industrial enterprises and applied modern methods in agriculture, crafts, and commerce.

Toward the end of the century the Germans enlarged their settlement and built the first residential quarter on the top of the Carmel near the present-day Merkaz ha-Carmel. In Haifa's position and importance was further strengthened when it was connected up with the Hejaz railroad which was then being laid between Damascus and the Arabian Peninsula; most of the exports from the fertile lands of the Hauran now passed through Haifa.

Haifa's Jewish community expanded gradually. Very few Jews had apparently settled there when the ancient city was rebuilt at the beginning of Turkish rule. In it contained a small Jewish community, composed mainly of immigrants from Morocco and Algeria. In there were Jews in Haifa; in , ; in , ; and in , 1, Up to this time North African Jews still comprised the majority of the community, which also contained some Sephardi Jews from Turkey and a few Ashkenazim.

In the number of Jews rose to 1, of whom a third were of North African origin, a third Sephardi, and a third Ashkenazi. In the last quarter of the century, the Jews comprised about one-eighth of the total population. They lived in the arat al-Yahad "Jewish quarter" inside the poor Muslim district in the eastern part of the lower city. Most of them barely subsisted by petty trade and peddling in Haifa or nearby villages. The importance of the Jewish community in the city increased with the arrival of members of the First and Second Aliyah from Eastern Europe, mostly from Russia.

From the s onward, and especially in the early 20 th century, extensive Jewish commercial and industrial activity sprang up. During his visit to Eretz Israel in —99, Theodor Herzl recognized Haifa's numerous potentialities as the future chief port and an important inland road junction.

In his Altneuland , the description of Haifa occupies a central place in his vision of rebuilt Israel.